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Eskimo yo-yo or Alaska yo-yo (also known as ''Alaskan yo-yo'', ''Alaska Eskimo yo-yo'', ''Alaskan Eskimo yo-yo'', ''Alaskan Inuit Eskimo yo-yo'', ''Alaska Native yo-yo'', ''Inuit yo-yo'', ''Inupiat yo-yo'', ''Yup'ik yo-yo'', ''Yupik yo-yo'' or ''Eskimo bolo'', ''Mountain bolo'') is a traditional two-balled bolas-like fur-covered two padded poi type yo-yo skill toy played by the Eskimo-speaking Alaska Natives, such as Inupiat, Siberian Yupik, and Yup'ik. The Eskimo yo-yo is regarded as one of the most simple, yet most complex, cultural artifact/toy in the world.〔Chris Kiana (2004), Original 100 Alaska Eskimo Yo-Yo Stratagems: Instructional Book〕〔http://home.gci.net/~dbakiana/about.htm〕 The Eskimo yo-yo is a toy popular with Alaskans and tourists alike that involves rotating two sealskin balls suspended on caribou sinew strings in opposite directions.〔Alysa J. Klistoff (2007), ''(Weapon, toy, or art? The Eskimo yo-yo as a commodified Artic bola and marker of cultural Identity )''. University of Alaska Fairbanks.〕 This traditional toy is two unequal lengths of twine, joined together, with hand-made leather objects (balls, bells, hearts) at the ends of the twine.〔Mike Doogan (1993), (How to Speak Alaskan )〕 The object of the Eskimo yo-yo is to make the balls circle in opposite directions at the same time. Each cord is a different length to allow the balls to pass without striking one another.〔(Toys From Times Past : Eskimo Bolo )〕 An Eskimo yo-yo is a toy consisting of two objects attached to strings of slightly different lengths. The Player twirls the strings so that the objects circle in opposite directions.〔Phyllis Morrow (1987), (Making the best of two worlds: an anthropological approach to the development of bilingual education materials in southwestern Alaska ).〕 It is made in a variety of shapes, ranging from seals, ptarmigan feet and dolls, to miniature mukluks and simple balls.〔〔 Many are plainly decorated; others display elaborate decorations, fine beadwork, and intricate details.〔 The Eskimo yo-yo is bola, toy, and art form all rolled into one. One of their most popular forms of the Alaska Native art are yo-yos. Also, this is a popular tourist art found in gift shops across Alaska. 〔 Some shops carry only Native-made pieces, while others, according to Alysa Klistoff, carry imitation pieces made in China.〔 Though a true history of the Eskimo yo-yo remains shrouded in mystery, Eskimos maintain that this game originated as an important and widely used hunting tool made simply with sinew and bones, the bola.〔 Based on a bola design, in olden times tools like this were made of rocks tethered together with sinew and were used to catch birds.〔(Inupiat (Eskimo) Yo-Yo with Polar Bear Fur )〕〔(Juanita Tukrook ) (Inupiak elder. Born in Fairbanks, Alaska in a small village called Tanana along the Arctic Slope): ''Even when we catch ducks, we use this for a feather duster or you know something in the house. We try to use all parts of the animal. This is um…made from seal and this is called ah…Alaskan yo-yo, Eskimo yo-yo. And this is how you work it. But this is some of the toys I played with growing up.''〕 It possibly evolved on St. Lawrence Island from the similarly constructed sinew and rock bolas used in bird hunting.〔Susan Applegate Krouse and Heather A. Howard (2009), (Keeping the Campfires Going: Native Women's Activism in Urban Communities ). University of Nebraska Press. (From Molly Lee. "Strands of Gold." ''Anchorage Daily News (We Alaskans)''. October 17, 1999, 18-13.)〕 ==See also== * Bolas * Meteor hammer ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Eskimo yo-yo」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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